Read the Following Passage From Happy Man Tell Me

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Compass Reading Practise Test five

Please take a moment to complete this quiz.

Read the post-obit passage and answer the question



The following passage is from a discussion of various ways that living creatures have been classified over the years.

     The world can exist classified in different ways,

depending on ane's interests and principles of clas-

sification. The classifications (also known as

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taxonomies) in plow determine which comparisons

v

seem natural or unnatural, which literal or analog-

ical. For case, it has been mutual to classify

living creatures into three distinct groups—plants,

animals, and humans. Co-ordinate to this classifica-

tion, human beings are non a special kind of

10

animal, nor animals a special kind of constitute. Thus

any comparisons between the three groups are

strictly analogical. Reasoning from inheritance in

garden peas to inheritance in fruit flies, and from

these two species to inheritance in homo beings,

fifteen

is sheer poetic metaphor.

     Another style of classifying living creatures is

commonly attributed to Aristotle. Instead of treat-

ing plants, animals, and humans equally distinct

groups, they are nested. All living creatures

xx

possess a vegetative soul that enables them to

abound and metabolize. Of these, some too have a

sensory soul that enables them to sense their envi-

ronments and move. One species too has a

rational soul that is capable of truthful agreement.

25

Thus, human beings are a special sort of creature,

and animals are a special sort of plant. Given this

nomenclature, reasoning from man beings to all

other species with respect to the attributes of the

vegetative soul is legitimate, reasoning from

xxx

human beings to other animals with respect to the

attributes of the sensory soul is also legitimate,

but reasoning from the rational characteristics of

the man species to any other species is merely

analogical. According to both classifications, the

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human species is unique. In the first, it has a king-

dom all to itself; in the second, it stands at the

pinnacle of the taxonomic bureaucracy.

      Homo sapiens is unique. All species are. But

this sort of uniqueness is not plenty for many

40

(probably most) people, philosophers included. For

some reason, information technology is very important that the species

to which we belong be uniquely unique. It is of

utmost importance that the human species be

insulated from all other species with respect to

45

how we explain certain qualities. Human beings

clearly are capable of developing and learning

languages. For some reason, it is very of import

that the waggle trip the light fantastic toe performed by bees * non

count every bit a genuine linguistic communication. I have never been

fifty

able to empathise why. I happen to call up that the

waggle dance differs from homo languages to

such a caste that little is gained past terming them

both "languages," only fifty-fifty if "language" is and then

defined that the waggle dance slips in, bees still

55

remain bees. Information technology is equally important to some that

no other species utilise tools. No matter how inge-

nious other species get in the manipulation of

objects in their environment, it is absolutely

essential that naught they exercise count every bit "tool use."

threescore

I, however, fail to see what difference information technology makes

whether whatsoever of these devices such as probes and

anvils, etc. are actually tools. All the species

involved remain distinct biological species no

matter what decisions are made. Similar observa-

65

tions agree for rationality and anything a calculator

might do.

According to the author, what is most responsible for influencing our perception of a comparison between species?






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