game maker 3d draw distance

3D in GameMaker can be catchy to set up if you're simply reading the transmission. In this tutorial I'll bear witness you how I use Surfaces and basic 3D functions to create a groundwork for my shmup style game. If you're new to GameMaker, brand sure yous take a expert understanding of it'southward interface and how to use GML first.

The start footstep is to import your textures equally a background, making sure the resolution is a power of two (32, 64, 128, etc…) then tick the "Used for 3D" check box.

Creation Code

Create an object and give information technology a depth of x,000. Give the object a Create Outcome and add this code:

surf_3d = noone;  due west = room_width; h = room_height;  direction = 270; zdirection = 35; x = 0; y = 0; z = 512; ratio = westward / h; fov = 45;  // Textures layer0 = background_get_texture(bg_floor); layer1 = background_get_texture(bg_wall);        

I'll requite you a run downward on what nosotros're doing in this lawmaking. surf_3d is going to be the surface. Considering surfaces are volatile nosotros're defining it equally zilch for at present every bit we don't need it until the draw event. westward and h volition be the width and height of the surface we're drawing to. If y'all don't desire these to be the room_width and room_height then set them every bit you wish.

You lot'll already be familiar with direction, x and y as nosotros utilize them in 2nd but for 3D we're going to need zdirection and z variables. These aren't built in to GameMaker but all that means is we need to define them. Management acts as the cameras Yaw and zdirection acts as the Pitch. 10, y and z define the point in 3D space that the photographic camera is located.

Ratio is the aspect ratio it'southward going to return in. Y'all want the surface width divided by the acme in this variable. I'm using a narrow FOV (field of view)because of my play field is narrow but you may want to increment it. Replace the texture names with the names you lot're using. I'll exist showing yous how to do walls and besides floors in this tutorial.

Draw Code

Now it's time to give the object we're working in a Draw Consequence with code. This is what I'm using but you'll want to piece of work out your own lawmaking beneath the comment "Draw Stuff in 3D".

if !surface_exists(surf_3d) {     surf_3d = surface_create( w, h ); }  surface_set_target(surf_3d); draw_clear_alpha( c_black, i );  draw_set_color(c_white); d3d_start();  // Photographic camera xto = x + lengthdir_x(180, direction) * lengthdir_x(1, zdirection); yto = y + lengthdir_y(180, management) * lengthdir_x(1, zdirection); zto = z + lengthdir_y(180, zdirection);  d3d_set_projection_ext( x, y, z, xto, yto, zto, 0, 0, i, fov, ratio, 1, 32000 );  // Draw Stuff in 3D d3d_draw_wall( -512, 0, 512, -512, 512*40, 0, layer1, forty, 1 ); d3d_draw_wall( 512, 0, 512, 512, 512*40, 0, layer1, 40, 1 ); d3d_draw_floor( -512, 0, -5, 512, 1024*20, -5, layer0, 1, 20 );  // 3D END d3d_end(); surface_reset_target(); draw_surface( surf_3d, 0, 0);

You guessed it, it's run down time once more.

Surface Code

The first task for the estimator is checking if the surf_3d surface exists and if it doesn't, it creates 1 with the width and top we've saved in w and h variables. This is why in the create upshot we ready the surf_3d variable to equal noone. We need this lawmaking because surfaces are volatile and actions such equally minimize the game will destroy the surface, causing a crash if the surface isn't recreated. We so set the surface target to surf_3d and so that nosotros're not cartoon to the default application surface. The "draw_clear_alpha( c_black, 1 );" office clears the surface with opaque blackness. I don't quite sympathise why but if I don't put this in information technology simply renders a black image.

Photographic camera Setup

At present we're on to the 3D code. "d3d_start();" tells GameMaker nosotros're going to draw in 3D from at present until we do "d3d_end();".

While nosotros're using x, y, z to define where the photographic camera is, we demand to define another point for the camera to point towards. I'k using the variables xto, yto and zto for this. If you know how the "lengthdir_x"and "lengthdir_y" functions work, this isn't too hard to decode the workings of.

"d3d_set_projection_ext" is the camera. We've got a lot of arguments on this function but about are self explanatory. The commencement 3 are x, y, z followed by xto, yto, zto and and then we have xup, yup, zup. The last three decide what is "upward" relative to the photographic camera. Keeping this equally 0, 0, 1 is best unless you want to piece of work out how to scroll the camera. Next we have "bending" (FOV), aspect (ratio), near clipping and finally far clipping distance. Near clipping is how shut something has to be to the camera for it to prune within and far clipping is draw distance.

Drawing in 3D

I'll encompass "d3d_draw_wall" and "d3d_draw_floor" here as they are very similar to apply. First is 6 position arguments, then the texture to employ (we set information technology in the create result), horizontal repeat count and vertical repeat count. With the x, y andz positions you tin imagine yourself looking downwardly on the scene. The ten and y are the same equally 2D from that perspective and you merely add together z for how loftier you lot want. It'due south slow only really quite simple when you lot play around with it.

Ending 3D and Drawing the Surface

It's time for "d3d_end();" to stop the 3D cartoon. We then need to reset the surface target, meaning information technology'll be cartoon to the default application surface again. The last line is cartoon our image to the application surface. You tin can alter the ten and y if yous have a boarder commencement.

Determination

You lot tin play with the x, y, z, management and zdirection and come across what they all do. If you want a forward moving photographic camera, adding to the y and resetting it is useful. For example:

y += xvi; if y > 2048 { y -= 2048; }

This code volition move you forward and seamlessly knock the photographic camera back if your groundwork lines up just right (my case lawmaking will).

If this was your first time using 3D in GameMaker then I hope you've gained a good understanding of how to play around with it. GameMaker isn't designed for loftier quality 3D scenes but with some trial and error you can certainly make dainty backgrounds for 2D games.

If you have whatever problem please mail service a annotate and I'll attempt to help.

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Source: https://www.johnkeen.tech/gamemaker-3d-background-surface-basics/

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